Morphology format: Part of Speech – Person/Tense/Mood/Voice – Case/Number/Gender/Comparison
Part of Speech:
- V (Verb): A word used to describe an action, occurrence, or state of being.
- N (Noun): A word used to identify a person, place, thing, or idea.
- Adv (Adverb): A word that modifies a verb, adjective, or another adverb, typically providing information about time, manner, place, or degree.
- Adj (Adjective): A word that describes or modifies a noun or pronoun by providing additional information about its attributes or qualities.
- Art (Article): A word used to indicate whether a noun refers to a specific or unspecific item.
- DPro (Demonstrative Pronoun): A pronoun used to point to something specific within a sentence.
- IPro (Interrogative / Indefinite Pronoun): A pronoun used to ask questions or refer to something non-specific.
- PPro (Personal / Possessive Pronoun): A pronoun that represents a specific person, thing, or group of things, or indicates possession.
- RecPro (Reciprocal Pronoun): A pronoun used to indicate that two or more people are acting upon each other in a reciprocal manner.
- RelPro (Relative Pronoun): A pronoun that introduces a relative clause and relates it to the word it modifies.
- RefPro (Reflexive Pronoun): A pronoun that refers back to the subject of the sentence or clause and indicates that someone or something is performing an action on or for itself.
- Prep (Preposition): A word that typically indicates the relationship between its object and another word in the sentence, such as location, direction, time, or manner.
- Conj (Conjunction): A word that connects words, phrases, clauses, or sentences.
- I (Interjection): A word or phrase that expresses emotion or exclamation.
- Prtcl (Particle): A small word that has grammatical or semantic function but does not fit neatly into other categories.
- Heb (Hebrew Word): A word in the Hebrew language.
- Aram (Aramaic Word): A word in the Aramaic language.
Person:
- 1 (1st Person): The grammatical category representing the speaker or speakers.
- 2 (2nd Person): The grammatical category representing the person or persons being addressed.
- 3 (3rd Person): The grammatical category representing someone or something other than the speaker or the person being addressed.
Tense:
- P (Present): Describes actions or states that are currently happening.
- I (Imperfect): Describes actions or states that were ongoing or habitual in the past.
- F (Future): Describes actions or states that will happen in the future.
- A (Aorist): Describes actions or states that are undefined in terms of duration or completion.
- R (Perfect): Describes actions or states that have been completed in the past and have ongoing relevance.
- L (Pluperfect): Describes actions or states that were completed before a certain point in the past.
Mood:
- I (Indicative): Indicates a fact or a statement.
- M (Imperative): Indicates a command or request.
- S (Subjunctive): Indicates a hypothetical or uncertain situation.
- O (Optative): Indicates a wish or desire.
- N (Infinitive): Represents an action or state without specifying the subject or tense.
- P (Participle): Verb form that functions as an adjective, noun, or verb.
Voice:
- A (Active): Describes a situation in which the subject of the sentence is performing the action.
- M (Middle): Describes a situation in which the subject is both performing and receiving the action.
- P (Passive): Describes a situation in which the subject is being acted upon.
- M/P (Middle or Passive): Indicates that the verb can be either middle or passive voice.
Case:
- N (Nominative): Indicates the subject of a verb.
- V (Vocative): Used for direct address.
- A (Accusative): Indicates the direct object of a verb.
- G (Genitive): Indicates possession or relationship.
- D (Dative): Indicates the indirect object of a verb.
Number:
- S (Singular): Refers to one object.
- P (Plural): Refers to more than one object.
Gender:
- M (Masculine): Refers to masculine beings or objects.
- F (Feminine): Refers to feminine beings or objects.
- N (Neuter): Refers to inanimate objects or things without gender.
Comparison:
- C (Comparative): Indicates a comparison between two items.
- S (Superlative): Indicates the highest degree of comparison among three or more items, i.e. “the best.”