Chapter 4
Song of Solomon 4:1
| גלעד | מ הר | ש גלשו | ה עזים | כ עדר | שער ך | ל צמת ך | מ בעד | יונים | עיני ך | יפה | הנ ך | רעית י | יפה | הנ ך |
| Uncovered Witness ("Gilead") | from a mountain | who have sat up | the Fierce Ones | as an arrangement | hair of yourself | your bound fast one | separated against | doves | the dual eyes of yourself | beautiful one | Behold yourself! | my companion | beautiful one | Behold yourself! |
9016 | None Definition: verseEnd Root: None Exhaustive: None 1568 גלעד Gilʻâd Definition: Gilad, a region East of the Jordan; also the name of three Israelites Root: probably from H1567 (גלעד); Exhaustive: probably from גלעד; Gilad, a region East of the Jordan; also the name of three Israelites; Gilead, Gileadite. | 2022 | הר har Definition: a mountain or range of hills (sometimes used figuratively) Root: a shortened form of H2042 (הרר); Exhaustive: a shortened form of הרר; a mountain or range of hills (sometimes used figuratively); hill (country), mount(-ain), [idiom] promotion. 9006 מ None Definition: from Root: None Exhaustive: None | 1570 | גלש gâlash Definition: probably to caper (as a goat) Root: a primitive root; Exhaustive: a primitive root; probably to caper (as a goat); appear. 9007 ש None Definition: which Root: Derived terms של (shel) של־ (shel'-) Exhaustive: who, which. An abbreviation used as a prefix.אשר | 5795 | עז ʻêz Definition: a she-goat (as strong), but masculine in plural (which also is used elliptically for goat's hair) Root: from H5810 (עזז); Exhaustive: from עזז; a she-goat (as strong), but masculine in plural (which also is used elliptically for goat's hair); (she) goat, kid. 9009 ה None Definition: the Root: None Exhaustive: definite article, the, used for all numbers and genders; originally a pronoun demonstrative, this. interrogative particle in direct and indirect questions; in disjunctive questions: whether--or. | 5739 | עדר ʻêder Definition: an arrangement, i.e. muster (of animals) Root: from H5737 (עדר); Exhaustive: from עדר; an arrangement, i.e. muster (of animals); drove, flock, herd. 9004 כ None Definition: like, as Root: Derived terms כאשר (ka'ashér) כמו (k'mó) כמות (k'mót) כש־ (k'she-) Exhaustive: prefix, particle of comparison, similarity or proportion; before Sheva, with article - as, like, as if; at, about [a time], according to, after; before an infinitive - as, when, if, after. | 9022 | ך None Definition: your, personal posessive - noun suffix: 2nd person feminine singular Root: None Exhaustive: Personal posessive pronoun - suffix for nouns, adjectives and passive participles: 2nd person feminine singular 8181 שער sêʻâr Definition: hair (as if tossed or bristling) Root: or שער; (Isaiah 7:20), from H8175 (שער) in the sense of dishevelling; Exhaustive: or שער; (Isaiah 7:20), from שער in the sense of dishevelling; hair (as if tossed or bristling); hair(-y), [idiom] rough. | 9022 | ך None Definition: your, personal posessive - noun suffix: 2nd person feminine singular Root: None Exhaustive: Personal posessive pronoun - suffix for nouns, adjectives and passive participles: 2nd person feminine singular 6777 | צמה tsammâh Definition: a veil Root: from an unused root meaning to fasten on; Exhaustive: from an unused root meaning to fasten on; a veil; locks. 9005 ל None Definition: to, for Root: None Exhaustive: None | 1157 | בעד bᵉʻad Definition: in up to or over against; generally at, beside, among, behind, for, etc. Root: from H5704 (עד) with prepositional prefix; Exhaustive: from עד with prepositional prefix; in up to or over against; generally at, beside, among, behind, for, etc.; about, at by (means of), for, over, through, up (-on), within. 9006 מ None Definition: from Root: None Exhaustive: None | 3123 יונה yôwnâh Definition: a dove (apparently from the warmth of their mating) Root: probably from the same as H3196 (יין); Exhaustive: probably from the same as יין; a dove (apparently from the warmth of their mating); dove, pigeon. | 9022 | ך None Definition: your, personal posessive - noun suffix: 2nd person feminine singular Root: None Exhaustive: Personal posessive pronoun - suffix for nouns, adjectives and passive participles: 2nd person feminine singular 5869a עין ʻayin Definition: an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape) Root: probably a primitive word; Exhaustive: probably a primitive word; an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape); affliction, outward appearance, [phrase] before, [phrase] think best, colour, conceit, [phrase] be content, countenance, [phrase] displease, eye((-brow), (-d), -sight), face, [phrase] favour, fountain, furrow (from the margin), [idiom] him, [phrase] humble, knowledge, look, ([phrase] well), [idiom] me, open(-ly), [phrase] (not) please, presence, [phrase] regard, resemblance, sight, [idiom] thee, [idiom] them, [phrase] think, [idiom] us, well, [idiom] you(-rselves). | 3303 יפה yâpheh Definition: beautiful (literally or figuratively) Root: from H3302 (יפה); Exhaustive: from יפה; beautiful (literally or figuratively); [phrase] beautiful, beauty, comely, fair(-est, one), [phrase] goodly, pleasant, well. | 9042 | ך None Definition: you, subject pronoun - subject 2nd person feminine singular Root: None Exhaustive: Personal subject pronoun - suffix for some adverbs and infinitives: 2nd person feminine singular 2005 הן hên Definition: lo!; also (as expressing surprise) if Root: a primitive particle; Exhaustive: a primitive particle; lo!; also (as expressing surprise) if; behold, if, lo, though. | 9020 | י None Definition: my, personal posessive - noun suffix: 1st person common singular Root: None Exhaustive: Personal posessive pronoun - suffix for nouns, adjectives and passive participles: 1st person singular 7474 רעיה raʻyâh Definition: a female associate Root: feminine of H7453 (רע); Exhaustive: feminine of רע; a female associate; fellow, love. | 3303 יפה yâpheh Definition: beautiful (literally or figuratively) Root: from H3302 (יפה); Exhaustive: from יפה; beautiful (literally or figuratively); [phrase] beautiful, beauty, comely, fair(-est, one), [phrase] goodly, pleasant, well. | 9042 | ך None Definition: you, subject pronoun - subject 2nd person feminine singular Root: None Exhaustive: Personal subject pronoun - suffix for some adverbs and infinitives: 2nd person feminine singular 2005 הן hên Definition: lo!; also (as expressing surprise) if Root: a primitive particle; Exhaustive: a primitive particle; lo!; also (as expressing surprise) if; behold, if, lo, though. |
RBT Hebrew Literal:
Behold yourself! beautiful one my companion Behold yourself! beautiful one the dual eyes of yourself doves separated against your bound fast one hair of yourself as an arrangement the Fierce Ones who have sat up from a mountain Uncovered Witness ("Gilead")
RBT Paraphrase:
Behold yourself! | Behold yourself!
Behold yourself! A beautiful one, companion of myself! Behold yourself! A beautiful one! The dual eyes of yourself are doves separated against the tightly bound one of yourself, the hair of yourself is as an arrangement of the Fierce Ones who have sat up from the mountain of Uncovered Witness!1Julia Smith Literal 1876 Translation:
Behold thee beautiful, my friend, behold thee beautiful; thine eyes doves from behind to thy veil: thy hair as a herd of goats which lay down from mount Gilead.
Behold thee beautiful, my friend, behold thee beautiful; thine eyes doves from behind to thy veil: thy hair as a herd of goats which lay down from mount Gilead.
LITV Translation:
Behold, you are beautiful, My love. Behold, you are beautiful; your eyes are as doves' from behind your veil. Your hair is like a flock of goats which lie down from Mount Gilead.
Behold, you are beautiful, My love. Behold, you are beautiful; your eyes are as doves' from behind your veil. Your hair is like a flock of goats which lie down from Mount Gilead.
ESV Translation:
He Behold, you are beautiful, my love, behold, you are beautiful! Your eyes are doves behind your veil. Your hair is like a flock of goats leaping down the slopes of Gilead.
He Behold, you are beautiful, my love, behold, you are beautiful! Your eyes are doves behind your veil. Your hair is like a flock of goats leaping down the slopes of Gilead.
Brenton Septuagint Translation:
Behold, thou art fair, my companion; Behold, thou art fair; Thine eyes are doves, Beside thy veil: Thy hair is as flocks of goats, That have appeared from Gilead.
Behold, thou art fair, my companion; Behold, thou art fair; Thine eyes are doves, Beside thy veil: Thy hair is as flocks of goats, That have appeared from Gilead.
Footnotes
| Sng. 4:1 | The name גלעד (Gilead) can be interpreted as "Uncovered Witness" or "Revealed Witness", based on its etymological components:
In this interpretation, the name could signify a "witness that is revealed" or "a revealed testimony," possibly referring to a place where a significant event or covenant was witnessed and made known. This understanding fits with the biblical context, where Gilead is sometimes associated with a witness or a memorial—for example, in Genesis 31, when a stone heap is set up as a witness to a covenant between Jacob and Laban. The name could reflect the idea that Gilead was a place where something significant was revealed or witnessed, whether in terms of a covenant, an event, or a memorial. |