Revelation 2:23

Νεφρός primarily refers to the kidneys, typically used in the plural (Diog. Apoll. 6, Hp. Aph. 4.78, Pl. Ti. 91a). It is occasionally found in the singular (Ar. Lys. 962) and the dual (Ar. Ra. 475). The term is sometimes used euphemistically for testicles (Philippid. 5.4) and metaphorically in the Septuagint to signify inner thoughts or emotions (LXX Ps. 15(16).7). The word shares etymological ties with Old High German "nioro" and Latin "nefrones" or "nebrundines," reflecting a broader cultural link between kidneys and emotional states.