Mark 15:15

Ὁ δὲ Πιλάτος βουλόμενος τῷ ὄχλῳ τὸ ἱκανὸν ποιῆσαι, ἀπέλυσεν αὐτοῖς τὸν Βαραββᾶν· καὶ παρέδωκε τὸν Ἰησοῦν φραγελλώσας ἵνα σταυρωθῇ.

RBT Greek Interlinear:

Strongs 3588; Ho; Ὁ; the; Art-NMS

Strongs 1161; de; δὲ; and; Conj

Strongs 4091; Pilatos; Πιλᾶτος; Pilate; N-NMS

Strongs 1014; boulomenos; βουλόμενος; he who is desiring; V-PPM/P-NMS

Strongs 3588; tō; τῷ; the; Art-DMS

Strongs 3793; ochlō; ὄχλῳ; Multitude; N-DMS

Strongs 3588; to; τὸ; the; Art-ANS

Strongs 2425; hikanon; ἱκανὸν; Sufficient; Adj-ANS

Strongs 4160; poiēsai; ποιῆσαι; to make; V-ANA

Strongs 630; apelysen; ἀπέλυσεν; he set free; V-AIA-3S

Strongs 846; autois; αὐτοῖς; to themselves; PPro-DM3P

Strongs 3588; ton; τὸν; the; Art-AMS

Strongs 912; Barabban; Βαραββᾶν; Barabbas; N-AMS

Strongs 2532; kai; καὶ; and; Conj

Strongs 3860; paredōken; παρέδωκεν; he handed over; V-AIA-3S

Strongs 3588; ton; τὸν; the; Art-AMS

Strongs 2424; Iēsoun; Ἰησοῦν; Salvation; N-AMS

Strongs 5417; phragellōsas; φραγελλώσας; he who blockaded; V-APA-NMS

Strongs 2443; hina; ἵνα; so that; Conj

Strongs 4717; staurōthē; σταυρωθῇ; He might be staked; V-ASP-3S

RBT Hebrew Literal:

φραγελλώσας - Blockaded

And the Javelin, he who is desiring to make the Sufficient One for the Multitude, he hurled off to themselves the Son of AbbA, and he who barricaded/blocked³⁴ handed over the Salvation, so that he might be staked.

"Stake him!" "Stake him!"

Julia Smith Literal 1876 Translation:
And Pilate, willing to satisfy the crowd, loosed to them Barabbas, and delivered Jesus, having scourged, that he might be crucified.

LITV Translation:
And deciding to do the easiest to the crowd, Pilate released Barabbas to them. And having flogged Him , he delivered up Jesus, that He might be crucified.

ESV Translation:
So Pilate, wishing to satisfy the crowd, released for them Barabbas, and having scourged Jesus, he delivered him to be crucified.

Footnotes

34

The term φραγελλώσας is derived from the verb φραγελλῶ, which suggests the idea of "barricading" or "blocking," rather than "scourging."

Although it might appear similar to φραγελλόω (the verb for "to scourge" or "to whip"), which would refer to the act of whipping or punishing with a scourge, the form φραγελλώσας reflects an action of obstruction rather than physical punishment. This distinction highlights the importance of context when interpreting verb forms, especially when there are similar-looking roots that may convey very different meanings. Scholars have linked the Greek φραγελλόω to the Latin verb flagellare (meaning "to whip" or "to scourge"), based on phonetic similarity and shared meaning in the context of punishment. However, φραγελλώσας is more likely to refer to a different concept, such as "blocking" or "barricading."

A related word φραγμός (meaning "fencing in" or "blocking up") provides further insight into the semantic range of the root φραγ-. This word appears in contexts such as a fence or paling (e.g., Xenophon's Cyn. 11.4), intestinal obstruction (Cael. Aur. CP 3.17), and fortifications (e.g., Herodotus 7.36), as well as metaphorical uses such as "partition" (Ephesians 2:14). The connection to φραγμός suggests that the root of φραγελλώσας could primarily be understood in terms of obstruction or enclosure rather than physical punishment.