Chapter 3
Jonah 3:4
| נהפכת | ו נינוה | יום | ארבעים | עוד | ו יאמר | ו יקרא | אחד | יום | מהלך | ב עיר | ל בוא | יונה | ו יחל |
| she who is being turned around | and House of Fish ("Nineveh") | day | fours/forty | going around/he has testified | and he is saying | and he is summoning/reading | one | day | a walking course | within the City | to come in | Dove ("Jonah") | and he is piercing through |
9016 | None Definition: verseEnd Root: None Exhaustive: None 2015 הפך hâphak Definition: to turn about or over; by implication, to change, overturn, return, pervert Root: a primitive root; Exhaustive: a primitive root; to turn about or over; by implication, to change, overturn, return, pervert; [idiom] become, change, come, be converted, give, make (a bed), overthrow (-turn), perverse, retire, tumble, turn (again, aside, back, to the contrary, every way). | 5210 | נינוה Nîynᵉvêh Definition: Nineveh, the capital of Assyria Root: of foreign origin; Exhaustive: of foreign origin; Nineveh, the capital of Assyria; Nineveh. 9002 ו None Definition: and Root: None Exhaustive: Conjunctive vav - i.e. followed by prefix, suffix or non-verb (conjunctive) (‘and/but’) | 3117 יום yôwm Definition: a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an associated term), (often used adverb) Root: from an unused root meaning to be hot; Exhaustive: from an unused root meaning to be hot; a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an associated term), (often used adverb); age, [phrase] always, [phrase] chronicals, continually(-ance), daily, ((birth-), each, to) day, (now a, two) days (agone), [phrase] elder, [idiom] end, [phrase] evening, [phrase] (for) ever(-lasting, -more), [idiom] full, life, as (so) long as (... live), (even) now, [phrase] old, [phrase] outlived, [phrase] perpetually, presently, [phrase] remaineth, [idiom] required, season, [idiom] since, space, then, (process of) time, [phrase] as at other times, [phrase] in trouble, weather, (as) when, (a, the, within a) while (that), [idiom] whole ([phrase] age), (full) year(-ly), [phrase] younger. | 705 ארבעים ʼarbâʻîym Definition: forty Root: multiple of H702 (ארבע); Exhaustive: multiple of ארבע; forty; -forty. | 5750 עוד ʻôwd Definition: properly, iteration or continuance; used only adverbially (with or without preposition), again, repeatedly, still, more Root: or עד; from H5749 (עוד); Exhaustive: or עד; from עוד; properly, iteration or continuance; used only adverbially (with or without preposition), again, repeatedly, still, more; again, [idiom] all life long, at all, besides, but, else, further(-more), henceforth, (any) longer, (any) more(-over), [idiom] once, since, (be) still, when, (good, the) while (having being), (as, because, whether, while) yet (within). | 559 | אמר ʼâmar Definition: to say (used with great latitude) Root: a primitive root; Exhaustive: a primitive root; to say (used with great latitude); answer, appoint, avouch, bid, boast self, call, certify, challenge, charge, [phrase] (at the, give) command(-ment), commune, consider, declare, demand, [idiom] desire, determine, [idiom] expressly, [idiom] indeed, [idiom] intend, name, [idiom] plainly, promise, publish, report, require, say, speak (against, of), [idiom] still, [idiom] suppose, talk, tell, term, [idiom] that is, [idiom] think, use (speech), utter, [idiom] verily, [idiom] yet. 9001 ו None Definition: sequential 'and' Root: None Exhaustive: Verbal vav: joined to verb with no intervening prefix (usually conversive) (future<->past) | 7121 | קרא qârâʼ Definition: to call out to (i.e. properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications) Root: a primitive root (rather identical with H7122 (קרא) through the idea of accosting a person met); Exhaustive: a primitive root (rather identical with קרא through the idea of accosting a person met); to call out to (i.e. properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications); bewray (self), that are bidden, call (for, forth, self, upon), cry (unto), (be) famous, guest, invite, mention, (give) name, preach, (make) proclaim(-ation), pronounce, publish, read, renowned, say. 9001 ו None Definition: sequential 'and' Root: None Exhaustive: Verbal vav: joined to verb with no intervening prefix (usually conversive) (future<->past) | 259 אחד ʼechâd Definition: properly, united, i.e. one; or (as an ordinal) first Root: a numeral from H258 (אחד); Exhaustive: a numeral from אחד; properly, united, i.e. one; or (as an ordinal) first; a, alike, alone, altogether, and, any(-thing), apiece, a certain, (dai-) ly, each (one), [phrase] eleven, every, few, first, [phrase] highway, a man, once, one, only, other, some, together, | 3117 יום yôwm Definition: a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an associated term), (often used adverb) Root: from an unused root meaning to be hot; Exhaustive: from an unused root meaning to be hot; a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an associated term), (often used adverb); age, [phrase] always, [phrase] chronicals, continually(-ance), daily, ((birth-), each, to) day, (now a, two) days (agone), [phrase] elder, [idiom] end, [phrase] evening, [phrase] (for) ever(-lasting, -more), [idiom] full, life, as (so) long as (... live), (even) now, [phrase] old, [phrase] outlived, [phrase] perpetually, presently, [phrase] remaineth, [idiom] required, season, [idiom] since, space, then, (process of) time, [phrase] as at other times, [phrase] in trouble, weather, (as) when, (a, the, within a) while (that), [idiom] whole ([phrase] age), (full) year(-ly), [phrase] younger. | 4109 מהלך mahălâk Definition: a walk, i.e. a passage or a distance Root: from H1980 (הלך); Exhaustive: from הלך; a walk, i.e. a passage or a distance; journey, walk. | 5892b | עיר ʻîyr Definition: a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post) Root: or (in the plural) ער; or עיר; (Judges 10:4), from H5782 (עור) Exhaustive: or (in the plural) ער; or עיר; (Judges 10:4), from עור; a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post); Ai (from margin), city, court (from margin), town. 9003 ב None Definition: in, by Root: None Exhaustive: in, at, against, on, among, with; according to, by, because of. prefix or inseparable preposition; combined with the definite article | 935 | בוא bôwʼ Definition: to go or come (in a wide variety of applications) Root: a primitive root; Exhaustive: None 9005 ל None Definition: to, for Root: None Exhaustive: None | 3124 יונה Yôwnâh Definition: Jonah, an Israelite Root: the same as H3123 (יונה); Exhaustive: xlit Yônâh corrected to Yôwnâh; the same as יונה; Jonah, an Israelite; Jonah. | 2490c | חלל châlal Definition: properly, to bore, i.e. (by implication) to wound, to dissolve; figuratively, to profane (a person, place or thing), to break (one's word), to begin (as if by an 'opening wedge'); to play (the flute) Root: a primitive root (compare H2470 (חלה)); also denominative (from H2485 (חליל)) Exhaustive: a primitive root (compare חלה); also denominative (from חליל); properly, to bore, i.e. (by implication) to wound, to dissolve; figuratively, to profane (a person, place or thing), to break (one's word), to begin (as if by an 'opening wedge'); to play (the flute); begin ([idiom] men began), defile, [idiom] break, defile, [idiom] eat (as common things), [idiom] first, [idiom] gather the grape thereof, [idiom] take inheritance, pipe, player on instruments, pollute, (cast as) profane (self), prostitute, slay (slain), sorrow, stain, wound. 9001 ו None Definition: sequential 'and' Root: None Exhaustive: Verbal vav: joined to verb with no intervening prefix (usually conversive) (future<->past) |
RBT Translation:
and he is piercing through Dove ("Jonah") to come in within the City a walking course day one and he is summoning/reading and he is saying going around fours/forty day and House of Fish ("Nineveh") she who is being turned around
RBT Paraphrase:
A transformation
And Dove is piercing through a walking course of one day to enter in within the City, and he is reading and he is saying, "A repeat of fours of a day,1 and House of Fish ("Nineveh"), is she who is being overturned!" A repeat of "fours" of a day, and her night is over turned
"40 night" | "40 day"
"40 night" | "40 day"
LITV Translation:
And began to enter a day's journey into the city. And he cried out and said, Yet forty days and Nineveh shall be overthrown!
And began to enter a day's journey into the city. And he cried out and said, Yet forty days and Nineveh shall be overthrown!
ESV Translation:
Jonah began to go into the city, going a day’s journey. And he called out, “Yet forty days, and Nineveh shall be overthrown!”
Jonah began to go into the city, going a day’s journey. And he called out, “Yet forty days, and Nineveh shall be overthrown!”
Brenton Septuagint Translation:
And Jonah began to enter into the city about a day’s journey, and he proclaimed, and said, Yet three days, and Nineveh shall be overthrown.
And Jonah began to enter into the city about a day’s journey, and he proclaimed, and said, Yet three days, and Nineveh shall be overthrown.
Footnotes
| Jon. 3:4 | There is nothing in the word ארבעים (arba'im) itself that directly implies multiplication by ten. The number forty in Hebrew is derived from the word for four (ארבע, arba) with the plural form -ים added, meaning "fours" or "four(s)" in a literal sense. Here’s how it works:
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