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Ὅτε οὖν ἔλαβε τὸ ὄξος ὁ Ἰησοῦς, εἶπε, Τετέλεσται· καὶ κλίνας τὴν κεφαλήν, παρέδωκε τὸ πνεῦμα.
RBT Greek Interlinear:
Strongs 3753  [list]
Λογεῖον
Perseus
hote
ὅτε
when
Adv
Strongs 3767  [list]
Λογεῖον
Perseus
oun
οὖν
therefore
Conj
Strongs 2983  [list]
Λογεῖον
Perseus
elaben
ἔλαβεν
He had taken
V-AIA-3S
Strongs 3588  [list]
Λογεῖον
Perseus
to
τὸ
the
Art-ANS
Strongs 3690  [list]
Λογεῖον
Perseus
oxos
ὄξος
sour wine
N-ANS
Strongs 3588  [list]
Λογεῖον
Perseus
ho

the
Art-NMS
Strongs 2424  [list]
Λογεῖον
Perseus
Iēsous
Ἰησοῦς
Salvation
N-NMS
Strongs 2036  [list]
Λογεῖον
Perseus
eipen
εἶπεν
said
V-AIA-3S
Strongs 5055  [list]
Λογεῖον
Perseus
Tetelestai
Τετέλεσται
It has been completed
V-RIM/P-3S
Strongs 2532  [list]
Λογεῖον
Perseus
kai
καὶ
and
Conj
Strongs 2827  [list]
Λογεῖον
Perseus
klinas
κλίνας
he who has bowed
V-APA-NMS
Strongs 3588  [list]
Λογεῖον
Perseus
tēn
τὴν
the
Art-AFS
Strongs 2776  [list]
Λογεῖον
Perseus
kephalēn
κεφαλὴν
head
N-AFS
Strongs 3860  [list]
Λογεῖον
Perseus
paredōken
παρέδωκεν
he handed over
V-AIA-3S
Strongs 3588  [list]
Λογεῖον
Perseus
to
τὸ
the
Art-ANS
Strongs 4151  [list]
Λογεῖον
Perseus
pneuma
πνεῦμα
spirit
N-ANS
RBT Hebrew Literal:
The Sour Vinegar Finished. Now he has somewhere to lay his head
Therefore at the time when he took hold of the Vinegar, the Salvation said, "It is finished/done!" And he who has reclined the Head, handed over the Spirit.121a
"when he took hold of the vinegar..."
Squeezing the bad portion of her out
Julia Smith Literal 1876 Translation:
When Jesus therefore took the vinegar, he said, It has been finished: and having bent the head, he delivered up the spirit.
LITV Translation:
Then when Jesus took the vinegar, He said, It has been finished. And bowing His head, He delivered up the spirit.
ESV Translation:
When Jesus had received the sour wine, he said, “It is finished,” and he bowed his head and gave up his spirit.

Footnotes

121a

He Took Hold

Strong's #G2983, ἔλαβεν. An ironic word to use here, to be sure. The scholars defined it:

I. to take, i. e.:

1. to take with the hand, lay hold of, any person or thing in order to use it: absolutely, where the context shows what is taken, Matthew 26:26; Mark 14:22; (τόν) ἄρτον, Matthew 26:26; Acts 27:35; τό βιβλίον, Revelation 5:7-9 (see Buttmann, and Winer's Grammar, as above)

If his hands are nailed to a cross beam, there is a profound inconsistency with this word. Or maybe the author of the story smoking something?

Strong's #G2827. The verb "κλίνω" in Ancient Greek can also be used to mean "to recline," particularly in the sense of lying down or positioning oneself in a resting or reclining posture. This usage stems from the idea of "bending" or "inclining" the body, typically in a way that is horizontal or at an angle, which aligns with how we think of reclining. There is already NT precedent/context for it:

"but the Son of the Man is not holding in the place where he may recline the Head."

(Matthew 8:20 RBT)

In the context of reclining, "κλίνω" implies that a person is bending their body in such a way that they are no longer sitting upright but rather lying back or at an inclined angle. This could apply to various situations, such as reclining on a couch, in a bed, or during a meal (for example, when people reclined at tables in ancient Greece during banquets).

For example, the verb could be used in the following way:

  • "Ἐκείνη ἐκλίνετο ἐπὶ τοῦ κλίνους."
    ("She reclined on the couch.")
    Here, "ἐκλίνετο" is a form of "κλίνω", indicating the action of reclining or lying down.

In Ancient Greek culture, especially during symposia (drinking parties), reclining was a common practice. Participants would lie back on couches in a reclining position while eating and drinking, which is another reason why "κλίνω" came to be associated with reclining.

So, when "κλίνω" is used to mean "recline," it carries the idea of a body being bent or inclined into a position of rest, often lying down or leaning back at an angle.