Chapter 20
Exodus 20:4
| ל ארץ | מ תחת | ב מים ׀ | ו אשר | מ תחת | ב ארץ | ו אשר | מ מעל | ב שמים ׀ | אשר | תמונה | ו כל | פסל ׀ | ל ך | תעשה | לא |
| to the earth | from below | in the dual waters | and whom/straightly | from below | in the earth | and whom/straightly | from above | in the dual heavenly ones | whom/straightly | embodiment/form | and the whole | carved image | to yourself | she/yourself is making | not |
9016 | None Definition: verseEnd Root: None Exhaustive: None 776 | ארץ ʼerets Definition: the earth (at large, or partitively a land) Root: from an unused root probably meaning to be firm; Exhaustive: from an unused root probably meaning to be firm; the earth (at large, or partitively a land); [idiom] common, country, earth, field, ground, land, [idiom] natins, way, [phrase] wilderness, world. 9005 ל None Definition: to, for Root: None Exhaustive: None | 8478 | תחת tachath Definition: the bottom (as depressed); only adverbially, below (often with prepositional prefix underneath), in lieu of, etc. Root: from the same as H8430 (תוח); Exhaustive: from the same as תוח; the bottom (as depressed); only adverbially, below (often with prepositional prefix underneath), in lieu of, etc.; as, beneath, [idiom] flat, in(-stead), (same) place (where...is), room, for...sake, stead of, under, [idiom] unto, [idiom] when...was mine, whereas, (where-) fore, with. 9006 מ None Definition: from Root: None Exhaustive: None | 9015 | ׀ None Definition: separate Root: None Exhaustive: None 4325 | מים mayim Definition: water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen Root: dual of a primitive noun (but used in a singular sense); Exhaustive: dual of a primitive noun (but used in a singular sense); water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen; [phrase] piss, wasting, water(-ing, (-course, -flood, -spring)). 9003 ב None Definition: in, by Root: None Exhaustive: in, at, against, on, among, with; according to, by, because of. prefix or inseparable preposition; combined with the definite article | 834a | אשר ʼăsher Definition: who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc. Root: a primitive relative pronoun (of every gender and number); Exhaustive: a primitive relative pronoun (of every gender and number); who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc.; [idiom] after, [idiom] alike, as (soon as), because, [idiom] every, for, [phrase] forasmuch, [phrase] from whence, [phrase] how(-soever), [idiom] if, (so) that ((thing) which, wherein), [idiom] though, [phrase] until, [phrase] whatsoever, when, where ([phrase] -as, -in, -of, -on, -soever, -with), which, whilst, [phrase] whither(-soever), who(-m, -soever, -se). As it is indeclinable, it is often accompanied by the personal pronoun expletively, used to show the connection. 9002 ו None Definition: and Root: None Exhaustive: Conjunctive vav - i.e. followed by prefix, suffix or non-verb (conjunctive) (‘and/but’) | 8478 | תחת tachath Definition: the bottom (as depressed); only adverbially, below (often with prepositional prefix underneath), in lieu of, etc. Root: from the same as H8430 (תוח); Exhaustive: from the same as תוח; the bottom (as depressed); only adverbially, below (often with prepositional prefix underneath), in lieu of, etc.; as, beneath, [idiom] flat, in(-stead), (same) place (where...is), room, for...sake, stead of, under, [idiom] unto, [idiom] when...was mine, whereas, (where-) fore, with. 9006 מ None Definition: from Root: None Exhaustive: None | 776 | ארץ ʼerets Definition: the earth (at large, or partitively a land) Root: from an unused root probably meaning to be firm; Exhaustive: from an unused root probably meaning to be firm; the earth (at large, or partitively a land); [idiom] common, country, earth, field, ground, land, [idiom] natins, way, [phrase] wilderness, world. 9003 ב None Definition: in, by Root: None Exhaustive: in, at, against, on, among, with; according to, by, because of. prefix or inseparable preposition; combined with the definite article | 834a | אשר ʼăsher Definition: who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc. Root: a primitive relative pronoun (of every gender and number); Exhaustive: a primitive relative pronoun (of every gender and number); who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc.; [idiom] after, [idiom] alike, as (soon as), because, [idiom] every, for, [phrase] forasmuch, [phrase] from whence, [phrase] how(-soever), [idiom] if, (so) that ((thing) which, wherein), [idiom] though, [phrase] until, [phrase] whatsoever, when, where ([phrase] -as, -in, -of, -on, -soever, -with), which, whilst, [phrase] whither(-soever), who(-m, -soever, -se). As it is indeclinable, it is often accompanied by the personal pronoun expletively, used to show the connection. 9002 ו None Definition: and Root: None Exhaustive: Conjunctive vav - i.e. followed by prefix, suffix or non-verb (conjunctive) (‘and/but’) | 4605 | מעל maʻal Definition: properly, the upper part, used only adverbially with prefix upward, above, overhead, from the top, etc. Root: from H5927 (עלה); Exhaustive: from עלה; properly, the upper part, used only adverbially with prefix upward, above, overhead, from the top, etc.; above, exceeding(-ly), forward, on ([idiom] very) high, over, up(-on, -ward), very. 9006 מ None Definition: from Root: None Exhaustive: None | 9015 | ׀ None Definition: separate Root: None Exhaustive: None 8064 | שמים shâmayim Definition: the sky (as aloft; the dual perhaps alluding to the visible arch in which the clouds move, as well as to the higher ether where the celestial bodies revolve) Root: dual of an unused singular שמה; from an unused root meaning to be lofty; Exhaustive: dual of an unused singular שמה; from an unused root meaning to be lofty; the sky (as aloft; the dual perhaps alluding to the visible arch in which the clouds move, as well as to the higher ether where the celestial bodies revolve); air, [idiom] astrologer, heaven(-s). 9003 ב None Definition: in, by Root: None Exhaustive: in, at, against, on, among, with; according to, by, because of. prefix or inseparable preposition; combined with the definite article | 834a אשר ʼăsher Definition: who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc. Root: a primitive relative pronoun (of every gender and number); Exhaustive: a primitive relative pronoun (of every gender and number); who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc.; [idiom] after, [idiom] alike, as (soon as), because, [idiom] every, for, [phrase] forasmuch, [phrase] from whence, [phrase] how(-soever), [idiom] if, (so) that ((thing) which, wherein), [idiom] though, [phrase] until, [phrase] whatsoever, when, where ([phrase] -as, -in, -of, -on, -soever, -with), which, whilst, [phrase] whither(-soever), who(-m, -soever, -se). As it is indeclinable, it is often accompanied by the personal pronoun expletively, used to show the connection. | 8544 תמונה tᵉmûwnâh Definition: something portioned (i.e. fashioned) out, as ashape, i.e. (indefinitely) phantom, or (specifically) embodiment, or (figuratively) manifestation (of favor) Root: or תמנה; from H4327 (מין); Exhaustive: or תמנה; from מין; something portioned (i.e. fashioned) out, as ashape, i.e. (indefinitely) phantom, or (specifically) embodiment, or (figuratively) manifestation (of favor); image, likeness, similitude. | 9014 | ־ None Definition: link Root: None Exhaustive: None 3605 | כל kôl Definition: properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense) Root: or (Jeremiah 33:8) כול; from H3634 (כלל); Exhaustive: or (Jeremiah 33:8) כול; from כלל; properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense); (in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any (manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as many as, (no-) thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole, whoso(-ever). 9002 ו None Definition: and Root: None Exhaustive: Conjunctive vav - i.e. followed by prefix, suffix or non-verb (conjunctive) (‘and/but’) | 9015 | ׀ None Definition: separate Root: None Exhaustive: None 6459 פסל peçel Definition: an idol Root: from H6458 (פסל); Exhaustive: lemma פסל missing dagesh, corrected to פסל; from פסל; an idol; carved (graven) image. | 9031 | ך None Definition: you, personal pronoun - verb/prep. 2nd person masculine singular Root: None Exhaustive: Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 2nd person masculine singular 9005 ל None Definition: to, for Root: None Exhaustive: None | 9014 | ־ None Definition: link Root: None Exhaustive: None 6213a עשה ʻâsâh Definition: to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application Root: a primitive root; Exhaustive: a primitive root; to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application; accomplish, advance, appoint, apt, be at, become, bear, bestow, bring forth, bruise, be busy, [idiom] certainly, have the charge of, commit, deal (with), deck, [phrase] displease, do, (ready) dress(-ed), (put in) execute(-ion), exercise, fashion, [phrase] feast, (fight-) ing man, [phrase] finish, fit, fly, follow, fulfill, furnish, gather, get, go about, govern, grant, great, [phrase] hinder, hold (a feast), [idiom] indeed, [phrase] be industrious, [phrase] journey, keep, labour, maintain, make, be meet, observe, be occupied, offer, [phrase] officer, pare, bring (come) to pass, perform, pracise, prepare, procure, provide, put, requite, [idiom] sacrifice, serve, set, shew, [idiom] sin, spend, [idiom] surely, take, [idiom] thoroughly, trim, [idiom] very, [phrase] vex, be (warr-) ior, work(-man), yield, use. | 3808 לא lôʼ Definition: not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles Root: or לוא; or לה; (Deuteronomy 3:11), a primitive particle; Exhaustive: or לוא; or לה; (Deuteronomy 3:11), a primitive particle; not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles; [idiom] before, [phrase] or else, ere, [phrase] except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never, no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), ([idiom] as though...,(can-), for) not (out of), of nought, otherwise, out of, [phrase] surely, [phrase] as truly as, [phrase] of a truth, [phrase] verily, for want, [phrase] whether, without. |
RBT Translation:
not you are making to yourself carved image and the whole embodiment/form straightly/whom in the dual heavenly ones from above and whom/straightly in the earth from below and whom/straightly in the dual waters from below to the earth
RBT Paraphrase:
She is not making4 to yourself a carved image, or any embodiment/form5 which is within the Dual Heavenly ones from above or which is within the Earth from below or which is within the Dual Waters from below the Earth.
She is not making4 to yourself a carved image, or any embodiment/form5 which is within the Dual Heavenly ones from above or which is within the Earth from below or which is within the Dual Waters from below the Earth.
LITV Translation:
You shall not make a graven image for yourself, or any likeness in the heavens above, or in the earth beneath, or in the waters under the earth;
You shall not make a graven image for yourself, or any likeness in the heavens above, or in the earth beneath, or in the waters under the earth;
ESV Translation:
“You shall not make for yourself a carved image, or any likeness of anything that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth.
“You shall not make for yourself a carved image, or any likeness of anything that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth.
Brenton Septuagint Translation:
Thou shalt not make to thyself an idol, nor likeness of anything, whatever things are in the heaven above, and whatever are in the earth beneath, and whatever are in the waters under the earth.
Thou shalt not make to thyself an idol, nor likeness of anything, whatever things are in the heaven above, and whatever are in the earth beneath, and whatever are in the waters under the earth.
Footnotes
| Exo. 20:4 | Hebrew תעשה. You are making/she is making. The second person masculine and third person feminine are identical in the imperfect/incomplete form. The real question that apparently was never asked is, why would these commands be to only one person (in the second person singular) and not to the whole in the plural if that is the correct interpretation?
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| Exo. 20:4 | Hebrew temunah. This sort of "embodiment, form, likeness" carries a positive connotation. As in something good: >ותמנת יהוה יביט And he is gazing intently on the embodiment/form [temunat] of He Is ("Yahweh")... Numbers 12:8 RBT
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